[104] Human Rights Watch visit to an NGO-run institution in Herat, Afghanistan (name and details withheld). My experience establishing mental health clinics across the country, coupled with this study, shows that more needs to be done to give Americans much needed access to mental health services, said Cohen Veterans Network President and Chief Executive Officer Dr. Anthony Hassan. However, implementation has depended on the provincial governors issuing a decree and deploying adequate resources. (Clockwise from top left): 2014 Fadel Senna/AFP via Getty Images; 2011 Andrea Star Reese; 2011 Andrea Star Reese; 2019 Andrea Star Reese; 2018 Andrea Star Reese; 2019 Robin Hammond/Human Rights Watch; 2019 Andrea Star Reese; 2018 HRW. [119] The United Nations special rapporteur on torture has noted that involuntary treatment and other psychiatric interventions in health-care facilities can be forms of torture and ill-treatment. "We took him to a hospital in San Salvador where he was asked to go to one in Soyapango, and from there to another, said Victor. A World Health Organization (WHO) video describes it as a black dog that follows you everywhere, does not let you sleep or eat well. [159], The UN special rapporteur on torture has noted that forced psychiatric intervention on the grounds of disability alone is a form of torture and ill-treatment. Progressively develop voluntary and accessible community-based support and services, including access to housing, education, employment, and mental health services, in consultation with people with lived experiences of mental health conditions and with the support of international donors and partners. [143] Standing unified with refugees at a time of crisis, sportanddev.org, September 21, 2020 (accessed September 28, 2020). Central Americans are seeking to escape gang violence, corruption, extreme poverty, the impacts of climate change and other problems, and hoping to resettle in Mexico or the United States. Top photo: A young boy in El Salvador, where children face multiple threats to their safety and well-being including gang violence. Human Rights Watchs research into mental health settings in at least 25 countries has found that people with mental health conditions can face a range of abuses when sent to a psychiatric hospital, such as arbitrary detention, involuntary treatment, including electroconvulsive therapy, forced seclusion as well as physical and sexual violence. 16) at 49, U.N. Doc. 48, 51; I Am Equally Human: Discrimination and Lack of Accessibility for People with Disabilities in Iran, June 2018, https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/iran0618_web_1.pdf, pp. Data shines a spotlight on racial inequities in American life. 202-621-1631. Despite this strong demand and growing societal awareness of the importance of mental health in the U.S., the study revealed that the overwhelming majority of Americans (74%) do not believe such services are accessible for everyone, and about half (47%) believe options are limited. Even in Guatemala, which has about 7,700 mental health professionals and 16 million people, rural areas are vastly underserved (Healthcare Access and Conditions in Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). Faith healers in Ghana, Indonesia, Kenya, and Nigeria reported sharing the little food available among all the residents, especially because some families did not provide food for their relatives, and prayer camps and institutions said they did not have the resources to buy enough food for everyone. The Cohen Veterans Network and National Council for Mental Wellbeing believe that more must be done to improve access to care for everyday Americans. [80] Human Rights Watch interview with Paul [not his real name], man with a psychosocial disability, Kenya, February 2020 (details withheld). doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2018.172. Human Rights Watch visit to Holy Ghost Coptic Church of Africa, Kisumu, February 18, 2020. Federal tax ID#: 13-3433452. Advancing psychology to benefit society and improve lives, Center for Human Rights and International Justice, How the Climate Crisis Is Driving Central American Migration, Liberation Psychology Intercambio/Exchange, Sepur Zarco: In Pursuit of Truth, Justice and Now Reparations, Healthcare Access and Conditions in Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, Children on the Run: Unaccompanied Children Leaving Central America and Mexico and the Need for International Protection, Carrying a Heavy Load: Mayan Womens Understandings of Reparation in the Aftermath of Genocide, Preventing Interpersonal Stressors at Work. The rate of mental health workers in low-income countries is fewer than 2 per 100,000 people, compared with over 70 in high-income countries. [27] WHO, Psychiatrists and nurses (per 100 000 population), undated, https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/human_resources/psychiatrists_nurses/en/ (accessed June 17, 2020). Teaming up with locally run organizations, such as Grupo de Mujeres Mayas KAQLA, an indigenous group based in Guatemala, can also help foreign psychologists gain cultural competency and establish trust with indigenous people, who may be reluctant to partner with outsiders, says Lykes. A Guatemalan farmer abandons his coffee farm after years of drought destroy his crops. Human Rights Watch found evidence of shackling across 60 countries across Asia, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and the Americas. [145] African [Banjul] Charter on Human and Peoples Rights (ACHPR), adopted June 27, 1981, OAU Doc. [135] By 2012, the program had unlocked 271 people who had been shackled for periods ranging from 2 weeks to 28 years across 26 provinces. Adults Who Needed Substance Use and Mental Health Care Did Not Get Treatment, National Council will Honor Five Distinguished Recipients with Awards of Excellence During NatCon22, Statement from National Council for Mental Wellbeing President and CEO Chuck Ingoglia on the Senate Finance Committees Hearing on February 8. [14] "Suicide: One Person Dies Every 40 Seconds," WHO news release, September 9, 2019, https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/09-09-2019-suicide-one-person-dies-every-40-seconds (accessed September 22, 2020). This study examined (1) adolescent mental health literacy (MHL) and stigma for depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs), and (2) demographic moderators. The United States, by comparison, spends about 8% of its health-care budget on mental health (Dieleman, J.L., et al., JAMA, Vol. Students and Human Rights Watch researchers also conducted phone interviews with activists, representatives of local NGOs, mental health professionals, and journalists. Cohen Veterans Network and National Council for Mental Wellbeing partnered with Ketchum Analytics who conducted an online survey among 5,000 Americans, representative of the U.S. population based on age, gender, region, household income and race/ethnicity. I feel sad, locked in this cell. Along with hundreds of thousands of others, these Central Americans are migrating north this year seeking asylum, employment and family reunification. Our research indicates that most people want to work to support their families and send their children to school, says M. Brinton Lykes, PhD, a professor of community-cultural psychology and co-director of the Center for Human Rights and International Justice at Boston College. The numbers simply don't lie. According to the latest available global estimates, 792 million people or 10.7 percent of the global population has a mental health condition. [57] Human Rights Watch interview with mother of a man with a mental health condition, Bali, Indonesia, November 19, 2020 (full name and details withheld). [29] Human Rights Watch research in over 25 countries around the world has found that people with mental health conditions can face a range of abuses including arbitrary detention, involuntary treatment, including electroconvulsive therapy, forced seclusion as well as physical and sexual violence in psychiatric hospitals. Trade is an important part of the American economy and a key driver of many industries. We dont know if hes dead or alive.[108] While Covid-19 has exposed the importance of psychological wellbeing and the need for connection and support within communities, it has exacerbated the risk to people with psychosocial disabilities. Res. Res. Other ways to share (No. [4] International Disability Alliance, Legal Opinion on Article 12 of CRPD, undated, https://www.internationaldisabilityalliance.org/sites/default/files/documents/legalopinionletterart12final_0.doc (accessed September 14, 2020). For example, in 2017 India passed a landmark mental health care bill that explicitly prohibited people with mental health conditions from being chained in any manner or form whatsoever.[129] While the provision has proven challenging to implement, it enabled a lawyer to challenge in court cases of people shackled in homes and faith-based institutions in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Read more about how mental health has changed throughout the pandemic and follow how healthcare jobs have grown over the past two decades. Existing mental health services are often under-utilized or do not comply with international human rights standards because of limited understanding and awareness of mental health. In prayer camps in Ghana, administrators and pastors told Human Rights Watch that fasting was a key component of curing a psychosocial disability. While countries are increasingly starting to pay attention to the issue of mental health, the practice of shackling remains largely invisible. [36] Achieving good health and well-being is one of the SDGs that enables men, women, and children to go to school, work, and participate in their communities. [20] WHO, Mental Health, undated, https://www.who.int/gho/mental_health/en/ (accessed June 17, 2020). [51] Human Rights Watch interview with Ying (not her real name), November 2019 (location and details withheld). Human Rights Watch research across 60 countries found people with real or perceived psychosocial disabilities are arbitrarily detained against their will in homes, state-run or private institutions, as well as traditional or religious healing centers. But even as psychologists seek a broader impact, says Cbar Cataln, its important to remember that the trauma and disenfranchisement driving Central Americans north are deeply personal. As a result, they urinate, defecate, eat, and sleep in a radius of no more than one to two meters. [12] The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that one in five of the worlds children and adolescents have a mental health condition. The stigma attached to psychosocial disabilities extends to the mental health profession, which often discourages doctors from specializing in psychiatry and causes many general physicians and other health care workers to resist mental health training. As of 2018, more than two-thirds of all countries did not cover reimbursement for mental health services in national health insurance schemes. [27] For example, there are 0.19 psychiatrists per 100,000 people in Kenya and 0.12 In situation of conflict or crises, and more recently during the Covid-19 pandemic, people who are shackled are at greater risk because they are unable to leave or flee. [42] Families can find it challenging to take relatives with psychosocial disabilities out for events or social occasions due to societal stigma and fear the person might say or do something to cause embarrassment. [7] In Indonesia, traditional healers who are versed in magic or dealing with spirits are usually referred to as paranormal or dukun, while Islamic faith healers who use Quranic recitations as a treatment method are known as ustad or kiai.
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